• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a ring slot antenna having a circular polarization characteristic, the length of the circumference being determined to form a resonance mode of at least a second order, and having a ring-slot radiating element formed by drilling a conductor in a ring shape. A conductor plate to which radio waves are radiated through the slot radiating element; An upper dielectric layer attached to the top of the conductor plate and having a microstrip transmission line feeder; And a lower dielectric layer attached to the bottom of the conductor plate and having a dielectric constant higher than the upper dielectric constant. The microstrip transmission line feed section of the upper dielectric layer has four microstrip transmission line feed structures for radiating circular polarization, and each of the four feed points is 0 °, 45 °, 180 °, 225 ° relative to the centerline of the ring-slot copier. Located in the, the phase of the feed signal supplied through each feed line through the feed line length adjustment is 0 °, 90 °, 0 °, 90 °, respectively.
    公开号:KR19990071257A
    申请号:KR1019980006608
    申请日:1998-02-28
    公开日:1999-09-15
    发明作者:임규태
    申请人:윤종용；삼성전자 주식회사；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Ring slot antenna
    [11] The present invention relates to an antenna, and more particularly to a ring slot antenna having circular polarization characteristics.
    [12] In general, an antenna is a special electric circuit that is usually used in connection with a high frequency circuit. The transmitting antenna efficiently converts the power of the high frequency circuit into radio wave energy and radiates it into space, and the receiving antenna efficiently converts the energy of the incoming radio wave into electric power and delivers it to the electric circuit. In this way, the antenna serves as an energy converter between the electric circuit and the radio wave, and the size and shape are appropriately designed to improve the conversion efficiency.
    [13] In the high-speed wireless communication system, the beam pattern of the antenna plays an important role in determining channel characteristics. 1 illustrates a beam pattern of a proposed antenna for indoor high speed mobile communication. The base antenna 100 in the ceiling has a wide beam width 110, and the antenna 130 attached to the user terminal 120 has the characteristics of the directional beam 140. The antenna for indoor high-speed mobile communication uses circular polarization to reduce multipath fading of indoor channels.
    [14] An antenna having a directional beam characteristic required for a receiving antenna can be relatively easily implemented using an array antenna. However, it is very difficult to implement an antenna having a circular polarization beam characteristic for a wide angle such as a base antenna. If the base antenna pattern has a beam-shaped beam characteristic with low antenna gain in the front direction, the strength of the received electric field is constant regardless of the position of the user. Therefore, the constraints on the linear characteristics of the RF transceiver can be greatly alleviated, the implementation of the entire RF system can be facilitated, and the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced.
    [15] FIG. 2 illustrates a microstrip fatch antenna widely used as a planar antenna, and includes a dielectric 200, a conductor 210 positioned below the dielectric 200, and a microstrip line for supplying current. 220). In general, when the circular polarization characteristic is obtained using the micro strip patch antenna, it is very difficult to obtain an excellent axial ratio for a wide angle, and the cross polarization characteristic is not good. In addition, if the frequency is more than a millimeter wave band, the overall size is too small to be difficult to create, and it is likely to break even in a small impact.
    [16] 3 shows a ring-slot antenna, which includes a conductor plate 300, a dielectric 310 positioned below the conductor plate 300, and a slot 320 for radiating radio waves. The ring-slot antenna is a uniplanar radiating element that replaces a microstrip antenna in the millimeter wave frequency band and is relatively easy to fabricate even at high frequencies. In addition, the ring-slot antenna may adopt various feeding methods such as a micro strip transmission line and a coplanar waveguide (CPW), and an antenna having a dual polarization characteristic may be easily implemented. However, even when using the antenna, it is not easy to obtain the characteristics of circular polarization at a wide angle, and since the ground plane is on the same plane as the antenna, there is a disadvantage that a lot of unwanted back radiation occurs. Currently, the method of feeding a ring-slot with a 90 degree angle difference at two points for dual polarization is implemented, but in this case, the beam pattern is directional, asymmetrical, and it is difficult to obtain desired axial ratio characteristics.
    [17] The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to use a ring-slot as a radiating element and to feed with four microstrip transmission lines, thereby obtaining a bowl shaped beam characteristics, and can obtain circular polarization characteristics over a wide angle. To provide a ring-slot antenna.
    [1] 1 illustrates a beam pattern of a proposed antenna for indoor high speed mobile communication.
    [2] FIG. 2 illustrates a microstrip fatch antenna widely used as a planar antenna.
    [3] 3 shows a ring-slot antenna.
    [4] Figure 4 shows the structure of a radiator of a ring-slot antenna according to the present invention.
    [5] FIG. 5 shows a microstrip feeder that attaches a conductor strip to the surface of the upper dielectric layer on top of the conductor plate and connects with the RF circuit.
    [6] 6 illustrates a configuration of a ring slot antenna in which a multilayer dielectric layer is attached to the lower portion of the conductor plate instead of the lower dielectric layer.
    [7] FIG. 7 illustrates a configuration of a ring slot antenna in which a multilayer dielectric layer is attached to the lower portion of the conductor plate instead of the lower dielectric layer.
    [8] 8 shows the radiant energy (or radiation resistance) along the radius of the ring slot element.
    [9] 9 shows the results of theoretically calculating the radiation characteristics of a ring slot antenna according to the present invention.
    [10] 10 illustrates an axial ratio for determining circular polarization characteristics.
    [18] The ring slot antenna according to the present invention for solving the above technical problem, the length of the circumference is determined so as to form a resonance mode of at least a second or more, and provided with a ring-slot radiating element formed by drilling a conductor in the ring, the ring A conductor plate on which radio waves are radiated through the slot radiating element; An upper dielectric layer attached to an upper end of the conductor plate and having a microstrip transmission line feeder; And a lower dielectric layer attached to a lower end of the conductor plate and having a dielectric constant higher than the upper dielectric constant.
    [19] The microstrip transmission line feeding portion of the upper dielectric layer has four microstrip transmission line feeding structures for radiating circular polarization, and each of the four feeding points is 0 °, 45 °, 180 with respect to the center line of the ring-slot copier. It is located at °, 225 °, the feed line length adjustment of the feed signal supplied through each of the feed line through the feed line is 0 °, 90 °, 0 °, 90 °, respectively.
    [20] The position of each of the four feed points of the microstrip transmission line feeder is positioned at 0 °, -45 °, 180 °, and 135 ° with respect to the center line of the ring-slot copier.
    [21] The ring slot antenna has a thickness of each dielectric layer instead of the lower dielectric layer.( λ d : A wavelength of radio waves radiated through the dielectric), and a multilayer dielectric layer in which multilayer dielectric layers are laminated, formed such that the dielectric constant difference between adjacent dielectric layers is larger than a predetermined value can be used.
    [22] In addition, the ring slot antenna may be a dielectric lens attached to the lower end of the conductor plate and having a dielectric constant higher than the upper dielectric constant.
    [23] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 4 shows the structure of a radiator of a ring-slot antenna according to the present invention, wherein the ring-slot antenna has a multi-layered planar structure. That is, the upper dielectric layer 400, the conductor plate 410, and the lower dielectric layer 420 are stacked from above. The conductor plate 410 has a ring-slot element 430 formed by drilling a ring-shaped hole to function as an antenna. The ring-slot element 430 is designed such that a secondary resonance occurs at a given frequency to obtain the characteristics of a low shaped bowl shaped beam in the front direction. For this purpose, the total length of the ring-slot is designed to be 0.9 ~ 1.1 times the wavelength inside the slot. Since the width of the slot determines the input impedance of the slot, it is designed to facilitate impedance matching with the antenna feeding part. The wider the slot, the better the coupling with the feeder, and the higher the efficiency. However, if the slot is too wide, a higher order mode in the radial direction will occur, causing distortion of the beam pattern.
    [24] FIG. 5 shows a microstrip feeder 500 that attaches a conductor strip to the surface of the upper dielectric layer 400 on top of the conductor plate 410 and connects the RF circuit. The antenna feeder 500 is symmetrical and feeds at four points to obtain circular polarization characteristics at a wide angle. At this time, the feed position is 0 °, 45 °, 180 °, 225 ° (or 0 °, -45 °, 180 °, 135 °) with respect to the center line (a-a ') of the ring slot radiating element. The feed circuit is designed so that the phase of the feed current is 0 °, 90 °, 0 °, and 90 ° with respect to the feed point, respectively. For this purpose, it is divided evenly into four places through the power divider from one feeding microstrip transmission line connected to the RF transceiver. At this time, the phase difference of the feed electric field is adjusted by adjusting the length of each feed transmission path, and the impedance converter is installed in each power distributor to minimize the return loss. In addition, the length and width of the feed transmission line are designed to maximize the coupling between the strip and the slot.
    [25] A single layer or a multilayer dielectric layer is attached to the lower end of the conductive plate 410 or an ellipsoidal dielectric lens is attached to increase the gain of the antenna. In this case, the dielectric constant of the lower dielectric layer should be higher than that of the upper dielectric layer, in order to increase the front / back ratio of the antenna radiation pattern.
    [26] In the case of the slot antenna, a large amount of power is radiated toward the higher dielectric constant, so a dielectric layer having a high dielectric constant is attached to the bottom of the conductor plate. In this case, in addition to the radio waves radiated into the free space, surface waves propagating along the surface of the dielectric are generated. In order to suppress the maximum, the thickness of the dielectric layer must be 1/4 of the wavelength.
    [27] 6 illustrates a configuration of a ring slot antenna in which a multilayer dielectric layer is attached to the lower portion of the conductor plate instead of the lower dielectric layer. In the millimeter wave band, since the wavelength becomes smaller and the thickness of the dielectric layer becomes too thin, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of dielectric layers having a 1/4 wavelength thickness are laminated and attached to the bottom of the conductor plate, thereby increasing the thickness and efficiency. The fall can be suppressed. At this time, if the dielectric constant of the multilayer dielectric has a high-low-high distribution, the antenna gain can be increased.
    [28] FIG. 7 illustrates a configuration of a ring slot antenna in which a multilayer dielectric layer is attached to the lower portion of the conductor plate instead of the lower dielectric layer. In order to obtain a high gain beam characteristic, the dielectric lens 700 is attached to the bottom of the conductor plate.
    [29] Meanwhile, the operation of the present invention will be described. The high frequency signal coupled to the slot from the feed transmission line induces an electromagnetic field in the ring slot, and the electromagnetic field in the slot acts as a magnetic current source to radiate electromagnetic waves into free space. At this time, when the length around the ring slot satisfies 'wavelength / 2 (n is an integer) in n * slot', a resonance mode is formed, and the propagation energy is radiated to the space to the maximum. When the microphone strip transmission line is used as the power feeding circuit, it is advantageous to configure various types of feeding circuits. To prevent much radiation from the feed circuit, the upper dielectric layer uses materials with as low a dielectric constant as possible.
    [30] FIG. 8 shows radiation energy (or radiation resistance) according to the radius of the ring slot element, and the resonance mode is when the relationship between the length of the ring slot element and the electric field waveform inside the slot is the maximum. In the first resonant mode, the beam has directivity, but in the second resonant mode, that is, when n is 2, the beam has a hollow shape and has a wide 3dB beam width of 120 ° or more. Here, the left turn or the priority turn by feeding the 0 °, 90 °, 0 °, and 90 ° with the phase difference at four points (0 °, 45 °, 180 °, 225 °) of the ring slot in the secondary resonance mode, respectively. Obtain the characteristics of circular polarization. Similarly, circularly polarized wave characteristics can be obtained even when power is supplied to 0 °, -45 °, 180 ° and 135 °.
    [31] The waves once radiated from the slots are radiated through the dielectric layer into free space, with more waves radiated toward the lower side of the conductor plate with the higher dielectric constant.
    [32] 9 shows the results of theoretically calculating the radiation characteristics of a ring slot antenna according to the present invention. The analysis method used the full wave analysis method. 9 shows a null pattern at 0 °, and it can be seen that the 3dB beam width is greater than 120 °. FIG. 10 illustrates Axial ratio for determining circular polarization characteristics. FIG. In the case of complete circular polarization, the ratio of the vertical electric field to the horizontal electric field should be 1 and the phase difference should be 90 °. As shown in FIG. 9, circular polarization characteristics are shown in a wide region (120 °).
    [33] Since the ring-slot antenna according to the present invention uses only one radiation element in a planar structure, the structure is very simple and does not occupy much area. It is easy to implement a multi-feed circuit using a microstrip transmission line as a feed, and feeds four places from a single feed, so that it can be easily connected to a MMIC circuit. Therefore, this antenna will be applicable to the base antenna of the indoor wireless communication system.
    [34] And the characteristics of bawl shaped beam suitable as base antenna of indoor wireless communication system. In this case, since the received electric field is uniform regardless of the user's position, the design conditions for the dynamic range of the RF amplifier are alleviated. In the case of MMIC transceivers, this antenna will help the system implementation because it is difficult for the design to achieve the desired dynamic range.
    [35] In addition, it has a 3dB beam width of more than 120 °, the beam pattern is symmetrical, and maintains the characteristics of circular polarization at a wide angle of more than 120 °. In addition, the use of a single radiating element takes up less space and facilitates fabrication.
    [36] In addition, since it is a flat structure, it can be attached to the surface of a user terminal such as a terminal, PDA (Personal Digital Assitant), notebook, etc., and mass production of the antenna is possible, so the manufacturing cost is low. In the case of millimeter wave, the yield is increased because the probability of parasitic effect is reduced by using semiconductor process.
    [37] In addition, when using a multi-layer dielectric, it is possible to manufacture a thick flat antenna without reducing the efficiency, so it is suitable for a millimeter wave antenna.
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1" claim-type="Currently amended] A conductor plate having a circumferential length determined to form at least a second or more resonance mode, and having a ring-slot radiating element formed by drilling a conductor in a ring shape, wherein the radio wave is radiated through the ring-slot radiating element;
    An upper dielectric layer attached to an upper end of the conductor plate and having a microstrip transmission line feeder; And
    It is attached to the bottom of the conductor plate, characterized in that it comprises a lower dielectric layer having a dielectric constant higher than the upper dielectric constant,
    The microstrip transmission line feeding part of the upper dielectric layer
    In order to radiate circular polarization, it has four microstrip transmission line feeding structures, and each of the four feeding points is located at 0 °, 45 °, 180 °, and 225 ° with respect to the center line of the ring-slot radiation element. A ring-slot antenna in which the phases of the feed signals supplied through the feed lines are adjusted by 0 °, 90 °, 0 °, and 90 °, respectively, through feed line length adjustment.
    [2" claim-type="Currently amended] The position of each of the four feed points of the microstrip transmission line feeder is
    Ring-slot antenna, characterized in that located at 0 °, -45 °, 180 °, 135 ° with respect to the center line of the ring-slot copier.
    [3" claim-type="Currently amended] A conductor plate having a circumferential length determined to form at least a second or more resonance mode, and having a ring-slot radiating element formed by drilling a conductor in a ring shape, wherein the radio wave is radiated through the ring-slot radiating element;
    An upper dielectric layer attached to an upper end of the conductor plate and having a microstrip transmission line feeder; And
    The thickness of each dielectric layer( λ d Is a wavelength of radio waves radiated through the dielectric), and the multilayer dielectric layer includes a multilayer dielectric layer laminated so that the dielectric constant difference between adjacent dielectric layers is greater than a predetermined value.
    The microstrip transmission line feeding part of the upper dielectric layer
    In order to radiate circular polarization, it has four microstrip transmission line feeding structures, and each of the four feeding points is located at 0 °, 45 °, 180 °, and 225 ° with respect to the center line of the ring-slot radiation element. And a ring-slot antenna in which the phases of the feed signals supplied through the feed lines are adjusted by 0 °, 90 °, 0 °, and 90 °, respectively.
    [4" claim-type="Currently amended] 4. The position of each of the four feed points of the microstrip transmission line feeder is
    And a ring-slot antenna positioned at 0 °, -45 °, 180 °, and 135 ° with respect to the center line of the ring-slot radiating element.
    [5" claim-type="Currently amended] A conductor plate having a circumferential length determined to form at least a second or more resonance mode, and having a ring-slot radiating element formed by drilling a conductor in a ring shape, wherein the radio wave is radiated through the ring-slot radiating element;
    An upper dielectric layer attached to an upper end of the conductor plate and having a microstrip transmission line feeder; And
    A dielectric lens attached to a lower end of the conductor plate and having a dielectric constant higher than the upper dielectric constant;
    The microstrip transmission line feeding part of the upper dielectric layer
    To radiate circular polarizations, it has four microstrip transmission line feed structures, each of which is located at 0 °, 45 °, 180 °, and 225 ° relative to the centerline of the ring-slot copier. A ring-slot antenna, wherein lengths of the feed signals supplied through the feed lines are 0 °, 90 °, 0 °, and 90 °, respectively.
    [6" claim-type="Currently amended] The position of each of the four feed points of the microstrip transmission line feeder is
    Ring-slot antenna, characterized in that located at 0 °, -45 °, 180 °, 135 ° with respect to the center line of the ring-slot copier.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    KR100474825B1|2005-05-27|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    1998-02-28|Application filed by 윤종용, 삼성전자 주식회사
    1998-02-28|Priority to KR10-1998-0006608A
    1999-02-24|Priority claimed from US09/256,319
    1999-02-26|Priority claimed from GB0101235A
    1999-09-15|Publication of KR19990071257A
    2005-05-27|Application granted
    2005-05-27|Publication of KR100474825B1
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    KR10-1998-0006608A|KR100474825B1|1998-02-28|1998-02-28|Ring slot antenna|
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